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A Presidente Claudia Sheinbaum descreveu a mobilização como uma operação política e mediática. Foto de Irv P/Unsplash


Mexico
MEXICO ----------------------------------------1949TRENDING

México denuncia operação digital multimilionária por trás da marcha da “Geração Z”

Governo acusa campanha internacional de desinformação

O governo mexicano vinculou a marcha de protesto de 15 de novembro de jovens que se identificam como parte da “Geração Z” a uma suposta campanha internacional de desinformação, segundo um relatório apresentado por Miguel Ángel Elorza, coordenador da unidade de Infodemia. De acordo com esta análise, o gasto estimado na estratégia digital ultrapassa 90 milhões de pesos ao longo de um mês e meio.

Uma suposta rede internacional por trás da campanha?

Segundo Elorza, a mobilização não se originou apenas como um protesto juvenil genuíno, mas foi amplificada por uma rede coordenada de bots, influenciadores, figuras políticas da oposição e empresários, entre os quais mencionou Ricardo Salinas Pliego. Em sua apresentação, também vinculou a campanha à Atlas Network, uma rede internacional com presença na América Latina e Europa que, segundo o relatório, operou campanhas similares contra governos progressistas.

Elorza explicou que sua equipe rastreou a conversa online desde o início de outubro. Identificaram a criação ou reativação repentina de contas no TikTok e Facebook com nomes como generacionz_mx, revolucionariosmexicanos e somosgeneraciónzmx. No total, foram detectadas pelo menos 179 contas no TikTok e 359 comunidades no Facebook, muitas gerenciadas do exterior.

Um ponto notável do relatório é a mudança drástica na narrativa sobre os protestos ao longo do tempo. Inicialmente, entre meados e finais de outubro, a mensagem se concentrava em um protesto pacífico exigindo o recall do presidente, mas no final daquele mês começaram a circular imagens geradas por IA, como representações do Palácio Nacional em chamas. Após o assassinato do prefeito de Uruapan, Carlos Manzo, o discurso se voltou para a insegurança, com comunidades digitais, segundo Elorza, sincronizando essa mudança de tom.

Em uma coletiva de imprensa matinal, a prefeita Claudia Sheinbaum descreveu a mobilização como uma operação política e midiática, mais do que uma manifestação genuína. Ela afirmou que muitos dos organizadores não pertencem a essa geração e que há evidências de financiamento estrangeiro. Para reforçar essas alegações, Luisa María Alcalde, líder do partido Morena, apresentou um contrato entre o Partido Ação Nacional (PAN) e um dos supostos organizadores da marcha, identificado como Edson Andrade, por mais de 2 milhões de pesos para “estratégia digital e gestão de redes sociais”.

Reações oficiais e presença internacional

O relatório da Infodemia também aponta que algumas páginas de redes sociais, anteriormente dedicadas a entretenimento ou viagens, mudaram repentinamente seu foco para promover a marcha ou criticar o governo. Além disso, conteúdos audiovisuais emocionais direcionados especificamente ao público jovem teriam sido usados para amplificar a manifestação, afirmou Elorza.

Outros veículos de mídia, como Publimetro, noticiaram sobre a acusação do governo em relação a uma “extrema-direita internacional” envolvida na operação digital. Segundo este relatório, entre os supostos promotores estão consultores digitais de outros países, como Fernando Cerimedo, que já participou de campanhas políticas na América Latina.

No contexto dessas alegações, a marcha ocorreu com uma presença significativa de adultos — não apenas jovens — segundo o próprio governo. El País relatou que, dos aproximadamente 17.000 participantes, muitos tinham mais de 30 anos. Durante o protesto, ocorreram incidentes violentos: pedras e outros objetos foram lançados ao Palácio Nacional, resultando em cerca de 120 feridos e pelo menos 20 prisões, segundo a mesma fonte.

Em sua denúncia, Sheinbaum também pediu uma investigação sobre quem pode ter financiado ou coordenado a marcha do exterior. Enquanto isso, a Infodemia insiste que o movimento não foi meramente digital, mas sim uma “mobilização artificial” orquestrada com interesses políticos e econômicos.

By Estefanía Muriel for Ruta Pantera on 12/2/2025 9:12:33 AM

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